The Constitution of India is the supreme law of India and the backbone of this country. It is the longest written constitution in the world.
The entire structure of the government and institutions that come under it are under the ambit of the Constitution of India. This is a document that gives us the framework that demarcates fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers and duties of the government. It also gives us the fundamental rights, directives and principles and duties of the citizens.
it is important for UPSC aspirants to be 100% familiar with the Indian Constitution, and everything associated with it.
The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on the 26 of November 1949 and it became effective on 26 January 1950. It was written to replace the Government of India Act 1935 as the fundamental document governing the country. After it was replaced, the Dominion of India became the Republic of India.
India celebrates the constitution on the 26 of January, Republic Day.
The Constitution of India declares India as a sovereign, socialist, secular and democratic republic that assures all its citizens justice, equality, liberty and promotes fraternity.
The original constitution is still preserved in a nitrogen-filled case in the Parliament House in New Delhi. The words socialist and secular were added to the preamble by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976 during the Emergency.
The Constitution of India imparts constitutional supremacy over parliamentary supremacy because it was created by a constituent assembly rather than a parliamentary one. It was adopted by the people with a declaration that is given in the preamble. The Parliament cannot override the constitution.
The Constitution of India was inspired from a number of sources. It’s framers were very mindful of the needs and conditions of the country and borrowed its features from previous legislations such as the Government of India Act 1858, and the Indian Councils Acts of 1861, 1892, 1909, the Government of India Act 1919 and 1935, and the Indian Independence Act 1947.
The Indian Independence Act led to the creation of Pakistan and India and divided the country into two.
We shall look at an index or a summary of the Constitution of India. It is updated to the latest amendments and will serve as the right reference for UPSC aspirants for UPSC CSE Preparation.
In Indian Constitution, there are 448 articles divided into 25 parts, 12 schedules and 5 appendices. Moreover, there have been more than 100 amendments to the Constitution of India.
However, to prepare for the IAS exam it is not necessary to remember every article of the Constitution. Hence, only those articles which are necessary from the perspective of the UPSC CSE have been mentioned in this post.
The Constitution of India is the most important document and there is even a Constitution Day of India to celebrate the adoption of the constitution. Before we move any further, if you want more background on the backbone of the government, then read about the Why and How of the Constitution.
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